Batch

.bat/.cmd

Parameter Extensions

%-modifier
%0	the batch file name/command
%*	all arguments after $0 (Note: unaffected by shift)
%1 .. %9	nth argument (if n is the number following %)
%~f1	Expand %1 to its fully-qualified path name
%~d1	Expand %1 to its drive component (i.e. C:)
%~p1	Expand %1 to its path component (i.e. \directory\)
%~n1	Expand %1 to its name/stem component
%~x1	Expand %1 to its extension component
%~s1	Expand %1 to its short (8.3) filename
%~a1	Expand %1 to its file attributes
%~t1	Expand %1 to its file timestamp
%~z1	Expand %1 to its file size
%~$PATH:1	Seardh $PATH for %1, expand to full path of 1st match

• Modifiers apply only to arguments, not environment variables.
• %~ removes surrounding quotes from the argument before applying modifiers.
• Combined modifiers are processed left‑to‑right.